1)How many different landform regions are there in New Jersey? Identify them.
2)How has the state’s physical geography affected the lives and economic activities of the New Jersey?
New Jersey can be thought of as a peninsula bounded by the Hudson River on the east and the Delaware an the west. Flowing generally west to east are the Passaic, Raritan, and Mullica Rivers. Newark, Jersey City, and Paterson are the state’s three largest cities.
New Jersey is located about halfway between the equator and the North Pole, with the Atlantic Ocean to the east and most of North America to the west. Within the state’s boundaries are five different landform regions. The characteristics of each region affect the lives of the people who live there.
The Ridge and Valley region of northwestern New Jersey is typical of the Appalachians. Kittatinny Mountain and the Kittatinny Valley are local names for Appalachian features that extend far beyond the borders of New Jersey. The Highlands region to the southeast is made up of steep hills and narrow valleys. Although their elevation is only 500 to 600 feet above sea level, the rugged highlands are fully entitled to be called mountains. Both the Ridge and Valley region and the Highlands region offers many recreational and outdoor activities in several state and national parks.
New Jersey’s Piedmont region, southeast of the Highlands, is geologically complex. Much of its underlying rock is of sedimentary origin. In some places, however, molten rock called magma squeezed up into the softer sedimentary rock and cooled. When titled up by tectonic forces, the harder igneouse rocks formed the Palisades on the Hudson and other erosion-resistant landforms. Both sandstones and the harder rock of the region have long been used for building and paving materials.
Further to the southeast lie the two Coastal Plain regions, including an inner region and an outer region closest to the sea. The Inner Coastal Plain is typified by better soils and its good area for agriculture. It represents about 7 % of the state’s land. The Outer Coastal Plain has sandy soil that does not retain water well. As a result, few farms are found there/ It is a region of pine and oak forests. Much of the Outer Coastal Plain is called the "Pine Barrens." New Jersey’s shoreline contains many excellent beaches, and tourism is a major economic activity for the state.
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